If you’ve ever shopped for a sweater or scarf made of cashmere, you’ve probably noticed the hefty price tag. But what is it about this luxurious material that makes it so expensive? The answer lies in its incredibly high quality, rarity, and the processes involved in its production. Let’s break it down.
1. The Rare and Precious Source
Cashmere comes from the undercoat of cashmere goats, which are predominantly found in cold, mountainous regions such as Mongolia, China, and Afghanistan. These goats grow a special layer of soft, fine under-hair to keep warm during frigid winters.
However, this undercoat is not only prized for its remarkable softness but also because it is incredibly rare. On average, each goat produces only about 4 to 6 ounces of usable cashmere per year. It takes the undercoat fibers of 3 to 4 goats to produce just one cashmere sweater. This scarcity is one of the main factors driving up its price.
2. Labor-Intensive Harvesting Process
Another reason cashmere is so expensive is the harvesting process. The soft undercoat is gathered during the spring molting season, typically through hand-combing or shearing each goat. This process is not only labor-intensive but also done carefully to avoid damaging the precious fibers.
After collection, these fibers must be meticulously sorted by hand to separate the fine undercoat from the coarser outer hair. Sorting and cleaning the fibers ensures only the softest, highest-quality material is used.
3. Exceptional Quality and Comfort
Cashmere is renowned for its unmatched softness, warmth, and lightweight feel. Compared to regular wool, cashmere is up to eight times warmer and much lighter, making it highly sought after for clothing. Its luxurious texture and natural insulation make it a favorite for those seeking high-end, comfortable garments—this premium feel comes at a premium price.
Additionally, cashmere fibers are extremely fine, measuring around 14–19 microns in diameter (much finer than a human hair). This fineness contributes to the silky feel of cashmere products, distinguishing them from other types of wool.
4. Ongoing Ethical and Sustainability Challenges
Producing cashmere comes with ethical considerations, as the welfare of cashmere goats and the environmental impact of production become focal points. High-end brands often adhere to strict ethical standards, ensuring responsible sourcing of cashmere and sustainable practices. These measures, while crucial, can add to the overall cost of production.
5. Time-Consuming Production and Craftsmanship
Creating a single cashmere garment involves several complex steps, from sourcing and cleaning to spinning, dyeing, knitting, and finishing. High-quality cashmere products are often crafted by skilled artisans who ensure attention to detail at every stage. This level of craftsmanship and time further adds to the cost.
6. Longevity of Cashmere Products
When you purchase a cashmere item, you’re investing in a fabric built to last. With proper care, cashmere garments can retain their original softness and shape for years, if not decades. Many buyers are willing to pay more for a product that offers both luxury and durability.